Periods are a natural part of life for billions of people — yet they’re often surrounded by silence, stigma, or misinformation. Whether you menstruate or support someone who does, understanding menstrual health is key to promoting dignity, comfort and overall wellness.
Menstrual health isn’t just about managing monthly bleeding — it’s about understanding the body, recognising signs of imbalance, and making informed choices around care, hygiene and support.
What is a period, really?
Menstruation is the monthly shedding of the uterine lining, usually lasting between 3 to 7 days. It’s part of the menstrual cycle — a natural hormonal process that prepares the body for pregnancy.
The average menstrual cycle is 28 days, but anything between 21 and 35 days can be considered normal, especially if it’s consistent for you.
What does a healthy period look like?
A healthy period can vary from person to person, but generally includes:
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Bleeding that’s moderate to heavy for the first few days, then tapers off
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Mild to moderate cramps or bloating
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A regular cycle (even if not exactly 28 days)
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No excessive pain, bleeding or emotional distress
If your period is very irregular, extremely painful, or unusually heavy, it could be a sign of an underlying condition like PCOS, endometriosis or anaemia — and it’s worth speaking to a healthcare provider.
Managing period symptoms
Common symptoms include:
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Cramps and lower back pain
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Mood swings or irritability
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Fatigue or low energy
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Breast tenderness or bloating
Tips to manage discomfort:
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Use a hot water bottle or heating pad
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Gentle exercise like stretching or walking
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Stay hydrated and eat iron-rich foods
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Over-the-counter pain relief (as advised by a pharmacist or doctor)
Period hygiene: What to know
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Change pads or tampons every 4–6 hours
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If using a menstrual cup, sterilise it between cycles
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Always wash your hands before and after handling any menstrual product
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Choose the menstrual product that works best for your body and lifestyle — pads, tampons, menstrual cups, or reusable cloth pads
Note: Lack of access to sanitary products (known as period poverty) affects millions globally. If you’re in a position to donate pads or reusable products, it can make a huge difference.
Let’s end the stigma
Menstruation is not dirty, shameful, or something to hide. Talking openly about periods helps people:
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Get support for painful or abnormal symptoms
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Feel empowered about their body and cycle
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Break cultural taboos and misinformation
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Improve access to menstrual health education and hygiene
Why menstrual health matters for all
Whether you’re a teenager, a working adult, a parent or a partner — menstrual health affects families, schools, workplaces, and communities.
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Teens benefit from early education and open conversations
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Working adults need understanding and access to products in the workplace
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Parents and partners can play a powerful role in support and empathy
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Healthcare providers help identify and manage menstrual disorders
Menstrual health is health — and talking about it is a sign of progress, not discomfort. By normalising periods, we create a more informed, respectful and healthy society for everyone.
Note: This article is for general awareness and support. For individual concerns or cycle-related symptoms, consult a healthcare provider or gynaecologist.